Multiple telegraphic repeater



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. W. MAVER, Jr. MULTIPLE TBLEGRAPHIUREPEATER.

Patented A r. 6, 1886.

WU-L Mwowo Alum (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. MAVEB, Jr. MULTIPLE TBLEGRAPHIG BEPEATER.

Patented Apr. 6, 1886;

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UNITED STATES PATENT @rrica 'WILLIAM JIAVER, JR, OF JERSEY GMT, NEWJERSEY.

MULTlPLE TELEGRAPHIC REPEATER.

PliCIPICATiON forming part of Letters Patent No. 339,449, dated April 6,1886.

Serial No. 163,063. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, XVILLIAM MAVER, Jr., a citizen of the United States,residing in J crsey City, in the county of Hudson and State of NewJersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in MultipleAutomatic lelegraph-Repeaters, of which the following is aspecification.

The invention relates to the class of apparatus employed for repeatinginto one electric circuit the messages or signals transmitted overanother electric circuit.

The object of the invention is to provide means automatically controlledfor repeating from any one of a given series of conductors into any orall of a second series, and vice versa. This organization of apparatusinvolves the possibility of at any time signaling back from any one ofthe receiving series of lines or conductors to the line from which thesignals are being repeated.

The invention consists, generally, in so organizing the apparatus at therepeating station that a current coming over any one of either series oflines will control the connec tions of a correspondinglocal circuit inwhich there is incl udcd an electro magnet serving in its turn tocontrol the connections of a corresponding second local circuit. In eachof these second local circuits thereis included arepeating-magnet. Theone series of repeat ing-instruments serves to control the connectionsof the main-line batteries applied to the respective lines of the seriescontrolling the other series of repeating-instruments, and vice versa.

The electro-magnets mentioned as control ling the local circuitconnections for the repeating-magnets are employed for the especialpurpose of reversing the signals as received from thetransmitting-lines, and may be termed "reversingmagnets. Theseniay,however, be dispensed with by placing the series ofrepeating-magnets in the first-named local circuit. By making andbreaking the connections of any one of either series of lines at atransmitting-station signals will be repeated into each of the otherseries of main lines. If, however, a receiving operator of the oneseries desires to break in upon and to signal back to the transmittingoperator, an interruption of the circuit at his station will cause thereversingmagnet applied to the corresponding series to interrupt thecircuit of the main line from which the message is being repeated, and asignal will then be given to the transmitting operator. As alreadystated, the reversingmagnet-s may be dispensed with, but usually theyare preferred for the purpose of rendering it possible to readily adaptthe existing apparatus to this system.

For the purpose of preventing the relayinstruments of either series oflines from operating the series of repeatinginstruments of the otherseries of lines in response to the movements of their levers, occasionedby the repeated signals, a ciremit-interrupting device is applied to oneof the repeatirig-instruments of each series, whereby the connections ofthe local circuit employed for actuating the repeaters of thetransmitting-lines are kept from being completed while thereceiving-repeaters are in operation.

I anraware of the existence of other multiple repeaters, such forinstance as described in the patents of Smithers, Nos. 268,561 and279,670; Ballou, No. 250,774, and Gally, No. 158,927.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a diagram of the generalorganization of apparatus at the repeating-station. Fig. 2 representsthe modification in which the reversing-magnets are dispensed with atthe repeating-station.

Referring to Fig. 1, two series of main lines are shown, each seriesbeing three in number in this instance, the conductors L, U, and Lconstituting the first series, and the conductors U, L and L the secondseries. These series may, however, be indefinitely extended, as willhereinafter appear. It is designed that the movements of thetransmittingkeys which are applied to these two series of lines,respectively, shall control the movements of one or the other of tworeversingmagnets, R and B, respectively, accordingly as the key belongsto one or the other of the two series of lines. The coils of the electromagnets R and R are respectively included in the circuits of localbatteries 0 and 0". Included in each of the main line conductors thereis a relay-magnet, as shown at r, r, and r, and 9', T and r. The mainline L leads from the coils of the electro-niagnet r to one pole of amain-line battery, 0, in a manner which will be hereinafter described.The remaining pole of this battery is connected through a conductor, Z,with a conductor, 1, leading to the earth at g. In like manner theconductors L and L are connected through the coils of theelectro-magnetsr and r wit-h the poles of the main-line batteries 0 and0 the remaining poles of which are connected through conductors 2 and 3,respectively,w'ith the conductor Z, and thus with the earth. It isevident that asingle battery might be placed in the conductor Z, inplace of the separate batteries in the conductors 1, 2, and 3.

One pole of the local battery 0, which has been referred to, isconnected with the respective armature-levers a, a and a of therelaymagnetso", 1", and The front contact-stops, b,b",and b ofthearmature-levers are insulated, while the back contact-stops, c,c,and0,are all connected through a conductor, 8, in a manner 'which will behereinafter described, with a conductor, 9, leading to one terminalofthe coils of the reversing-magnet R. The remainingterminal of thesecoilsis connected through conductor 11, with the remaining pole of thebattery 0. \Vhen therefore the main-line connections of all the firstseries of lines are complete, the armature-levers a are in their forward positions, and the circuit of the battery 0 is interrupted. Thearmature-lever d of the reversing magnet R, therefore, rests against itsback contact-stop. By interrupting the connections of any one of themain lines of the first series the corresponding armature-lever willfall back, and thus complete the connections of the battery 0. Thearmature-lever (1 will thereby be drawn forward.

Normally, the circuit of the battery 0 being interrupted, the lever drests against its rear contact-stop,e, and thereby completes thecircuit-ronnections of a battery, 1), one pole of which is connected bythe conductor 12 with the contact-stop e,while the other pole isconnected through the coils of a series of repeating-magnets, K, K, andK and with the armature-lever d by a conductor, 13. As long, therefore,as the circuits of themain line 'L', L", and L are complete the circuitof the battery 10 will also be complete, and the armature-levers 7c,is", and k will be drawn into their forward position, as shown in thedrawings. When, however, the connections of any one of the main linesare interrupted, then the armature-Jever (1 being drawn away from itspoint e, the electro-magnets K, K, and K will be demagnetized, and thecorresponding armature-lever will fall away. The movements of thearmature-levers k, lc",and k thus occasioned serve to make and break thecircuit-connections of the main-line batteries 0, O and O", which areapplied to the second series of lines, L, L and L", respectively, and.which correspond to the batteries 0, O, and 0 To this end the battery 0has one pole connected with a contact-point, f, which is preferablyapplied to an insulated contact-spring, h, carried upon thearmature-lever It. This spring is in turn connected by a conductor, 14,through the coils of the electro-magnet o", and thus with the main lineL. The remaining pole of the battery 0 is connected by a conductor, 4,with the conductor 1 leading to the earth at It will be observed,therefore, that the movements of the armature-lever 7c inresponse to themovements of the armature-lever d will serve to make and break theconnections of the battery 0* in a manner corresponding precisely to thecompletions and interruptions of the connections of the main line L, L,or L The battery 0 has one pole connected with I the contact-point f andthe battery 0 has a corresponding pole connected with the stop The stopsf 2 and f are respectively applied to the levers k and 7c", and theselevers are connected by conductors 15 and 16, respectively, through thecoils of the relay-magnets 7' and r with the main lines L and L It willbe readily understood from the foregoing description that any signalswhich are transmitted upon anyone of the main lines L, L and L,constituting the first series, will be thus retransmitted by currentsfrom the batteries 0, O and 0 into all of the second seriesof lines L, Land L", respectively.

It will be observed that the interruptions of the circuits of thebatteries 0, O and O which are thus occasioned will cause thearmaturelevers a", a and a of the relay-magnets r i and r to fallbackward against their rear contacts, 7), b and biflrespectively. Thesecontacts are connected through conductors 17 and 18 with the coils ofthe second reversing magnet, R and they serve to perform the samefunctions as the armaturelevers a, a and (6. They would therefore serveto operate the reversing-magnet B when a message is being transmittedfrom the first series of main lines, unless some means were provided toobviate this difficulty. One pole of the battery 0 is connected with thearmaturelevers a a and a by conductors 19, 20, and 21, while theremaining pole is connected with the conductor 18 by a conductor, 22,leading through the coils of the reversingmagnet B. It is necessary,therefore, that the circuit of the battery 0 should be interrupted atsome other point before it is completed by the falling of any armaturea, (65, and a away from its front contact-stop, c 0 or 0, against itsback stop, I), b or b. For this reason the conductor 17 preferably leadsto a contactstop, j, applied to a contact spring or extension, 12,carried upon the armature-lever it. This spring is in connection throughthe armature lever with the conductor 18, leading to the reversingelectro-magnet R hen the armature lever k is in its forward position, asshown in the drawings, the conductor 17 is thus connected through thecontact-stop and spring with the conductor 18; but by the movement ofthe armature d of the reversing-magnet R- the circuit of the battery 1)is interrupted,and likewise the circuits of the batteries O and 0causing the armature-levers a, a and a to fall against theirback-contact stops; but the connection between the conductors 17 and 18is also interrupted, se'tliat the circuit of the battery 0* remainsincomplete.

The reversing'magnet R serves,in response to the movements of the keysapplied to the lines L*,L ',and L of the second series,to control themovements of the armature-levers 7c, R and It of the electro-magnets K,K and K. These last magnets are employed for repeating from the firstseries to the second series of main lines. The electromaguet K corresponds precisely to the electro-magnet K, and likewise the magnets K andK correspond to the magnets K and K and a detailed description istherefore unnecessary.

The movements of the lever d of the reversing-magnet R serve to controlthe circuit-connections of a local battery, p, corresponding to thebattery 12. The armature-levers 702k, and It respond to the movements ofthe armature-lever d, and repeat from the batteries 0, O, and 0 into thelines L, L", and L It frequently occurs that during the signaling fromone line through a repeating-instrument into a second line itisnecessary for the receiving operator to communicate back to thetransmit-ting operatoras, for instance, when it is desired that someportion of the message be retransmitted. To accomplish this,it will benecessary only for the receiving operator to employ his key in the usualmanner. (Jonsidering that the operator upon the main line L istransmitting, and that the operator upon the line L wishes tocommunicate with the transmitting operator, then, by the interrup tionof the main line L at the receiving-station the armature-lever a of themagnet 4' will be allowed to fall back against its rear contact-stop DThe circuitof the battery 0 will then be completed through the coils ofthe reversing magnet R", the conductor 18, armature-lever it, stop j,conductor 17, contact-stop b, lever a, and conductor 21. Should thearmature 1: chance to be away from its electro-magnet at the moment thecircuit of the line L is interrupted, then the circuit of the battery 0will not be completeduntil the armature-lever of k is returned to itsforward position, which it is evident it will do immediately uponthe-transmission of a signal from the line L. The circuit of the battery0* be ing thus completed,lhe armature-lever (1" will be, drawn forward,interrupting the circuit of the battery phthereby causing all the armaturelevers KKK, and K to fall back and interrupt the circuits of thebatteries O,O'",and The movements of the key of the transmittingoperator upon the line L will therefore produce no effect upon theinstrumentat his station, and he will thus be notified that some one ofthe receiving operators desires to communicate back. The operator uponthe line L is then enabled to transmit as follows: The line from themain line L is complete through the conductor 16 to the armature-leverIt, thus to the battery 0 and from the battery to the earth through theconductor 1 The movements of the lever a in response to the movements ofthe key included in the line L cause the circuit of the battery 0 to bemade and interrupted, and the signals to be retransmitted through theline L in a manner readily understood.

It should be here noted that one essential feature of a repeatingapparatus is that it should be so organized that by no possible act canthe various parts come into such position that it is impossible tocomplete the circuitconnections from any one of the main lines. It isevident that this end is attained in the present instance, for, as hasalready been shown, the circuit of the battery 1) must be closed beforethe circuit of the battery 12 can be interrupted, and vice versa; but ifby any chance the circuits of both batteries 1) and p should becomeinterrupted at the same time immediately the corresponding reversing-idstrument, R or R, will serve to again complete the connections, for thereason that the circuit of the battery 0 or 0 will be interrupted at thepoint j or 3', thereby causing the armature-lever d or d to fall againstits back contact-stop, and to complete the connections of thecorresponding battery, p or 19 In Fig. 2 a modification is shown inwhich the reversing-magnets R and R are dispensed with. In this instancethe relay-magnets K, K, and K are included in the circuit of the battery1), while the corresponding magnets, K K and K, are included in thecircuit of the battery p". The circuits of these batteries being openwhen the main-line connections are complete, the levers It will be awayfrom their electro-magnets, and the parts are so organizcd that therespective circuits of the batteries 0 will be completed through therear contact-stops of these levers.

A circuit-connection may be completed from the conductor leadingto theback contact-stops to the front contact-point of one or more of therelay-magnets and a sounder included therein, as shown in dotted lines,for the purpose of affording opportunity forthe messages to he read atthe repeating-station. The same local battery will, it is evident, serveto operate this sounder.

It is evident that a single repeater may be operated upon this principlewithout departing from the spirit of the invention, a transmitter and arelay being employed for each main-line circuit, each transmitter beingorganized to break the local circuit of the other before the main-linecircuit-connections are interrupted, so that each transmitter will bekept idle while the other is being operated.

1 claim as my invention- 1. The combination, substantially ashereinbet'ore set forth, with two series of mainline conductors, of asource of electricity applied thereto, and means, substantially such asdescribed, for automatically repeating from any line of either seriesinto all of the lines of the other series.

2. The combination, substantially as herelnbefore set forth, with twoseries of main lines, of a repeating-magnet applied to each of saidlines, means for automatically operating the repeating-magnets of eitherseries by currents from any one of the lines of the other series, andmeans, substantially such as described, whereby the operation of oneseries of repeating-magnets temporarily prevents the operation of theother series.

3. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of twoseries of lines, two series of repeating-magnets, means for repeat ingfrom any line of either series into all the lines of the other series,means, substantially such as described, whereby the operatingrepeatersprevent the other repeaters from operating, and means, substantiallysuch as described, whereby a receiving-line prevents the operation ofits repeater at the completion of a signal.

4. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of a mainline, a relaymagnet included in the circuit thereof, a battery theconnections of which are made and interrupted by the movements of thekey applied to said main line, a reversing-magnet, a battery appliedthereto,the circuit-connections of which are made and interrupted by theoperation of said relay, and a series of repeating-instruments, all ofwhich are controlled by the operation of said reversing-instrument.

5. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of tworeversing -instruments, two series of main lines respectivelycorresponding to said instrument-s, means, substantially such asdescribed, operated by currents traversing said main lines for operatingsaid instruments, and means, substantially such as described, fornormally preventing one of said instruments from operating while theother instrument is in use.

6. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of twoseries of lines, two reversing instruments respectively correspondingthereto, means for operating either of said instruments by currentstraversing one of the lines of the corresponding series and forpreventing one of said instruments from operating while the other is inuse, and means for interrupting the operation of the first instrumentand bringing the second into operation at the termination of a signal.

7. The combination, substantially as here inbefore set forth, with atelegraphic main line, of an electro magnet included therein, a seriesof lines, a battery for applying currents to said series of lines, alocal battery and its circuit, the connections of which are controlledby said electro magnet, an electro magnet included insaid circuit, andaseries of circuit controlling magnets applied to series of lines,respectively, and controlled by the operation of the last-namedelectro-magnet.

8. The combination, substantially as hereiubefore set forth, with aseries of main lines, of a reversing-instrument,means,substantially suchas described, for actuating the same, a local battery, its circuit, theconnections of which are controlled by said reversing-magnet,armature-levers respectively applied to electro-magnets and serving tocontrol the connections of the series of main lines, respectively, asecond reversing-instrument, a local circuit for operating the same, andmeans, substantially such as described, applied to one of said series ofelectro-magnets, whereby the circuitconnections of said second localbattery may be interrupted when the circuit of said firstnamed localbattery is interrupted.

9. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of themain-line battery 0, and the electro-magnet 1", its armature and rearcontact-point, the local battery 0, the reversingmagnet R, included inthe circuit of said local battery, a main line, the local battery p, thecircuit-connections of which are controlled by the operation of therepeatingmagnet R, the series of electro-magnets included in the circuitof said battery 19, and the series of main lines having theircircuitconnections controlled by the armature-levers of said series ofelectromagnets, respectively.

10. The combination, substantially as here inbefore set forth, of a mainline, a battery, an electro-magnet included in the main-line circuit,its armature and rear contact-point, the local battery 0, thecircuit-connections of which are controlled by the operation of saidelectro-magnet, the series of electro-maguets controlled by the openingand closing of the circuit of said local battery, a series of main lineshaving their circuit-connections controlled by the armature-levers ofsaid series of electromagnets, respectively, a second local batteryhaving its circuit-connections substantially the same as those of thefirst-named local battery, and means, substantially such as described,for preventing the second local circuit from being completed by theoperationof the first-named electro-magnet.

11. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of theinstruments R and R the two series of instruments K, K, and K and K Kand K means-substantially such as described, for operating the instruments R and R", and thereby controlling the movements of the two seriesof instruments, respectively, and two series of main lines, theconnections of which are controlled by the respective armatures of saidseries of electromagnets.

12. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth,wit htwoindependentseries of telegraphic main lines, of means for repeatingfrom any line of one series into the other series of lines, and means,substantially such as described, whereby signals may be automaticallytransmitted from any of the last I named series of lines back into thefirst-named line.

13. The combination, substantially as here-- IIO inbefore set forth,oftwo series oflines, a relaymagnet included in the circuit of each ofsaid lines, two series of repeating-instruments respectively applied tothe lines of said series, two local batteries respectively controlled byany relay or" the corresponding series, and two circuit-controllingdevices respectively controlled by the local batteries, whereby duringthe operation of a relay belonging to one series of lines therepeating-instruments of that line are prevented from operating.

14. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set f0rth,with twoindependent series of main lines, of a transmitter, a reversingmagnet,and a relay for each series, a local cir- W'ILLIAM MAVER, JR.

\Vit-nesses:

CARRIE E. DAVIDSON, CHARLES A. TERRY.

